International Journal of

Pharmaceutical Science and Medicine

ISSN: 2584-1610 (Online)

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Medicine

All Issues

1. PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF MEDICINAL EXTRACT'S ANTI-ANXIETY IMPACT...
14

Anubhav Dubey
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Maharana Pratap college of Pharmacy, Kanpur - 209217, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: Anxiety disorders are prevalent mental health conditions characterized by excessive fear and behavioural disturbances. Traditional herbal remedies have shown potential in managing anxiety, but their pharmacological validation remains underexplored. This study investigates the anti-anxiety effects of an herbal extract using preclinical behavioural models in mice. Methodology: Mice weighing 20-25g were divided into three groups (n=6 per group): Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (Vinpocetine 10mg/kg) Herbal extract treated the anti-anxiety effects were evaluated using three models: Actophotometer and social behaviour test. Results: The negative control group showed higher locomotion counts, more line crossings, and less time in the centre square. Vinpocetine-treated mice displayed reduced counts, fewer line crossings, and increased central square activity. The herbal extract-treated group showed similar results to the vinpocetine group, suggesting anxiolytic effects. In the social behaviour test, the herbal extract enhanced social interaction, comparable to vinpocetine. Conclusion: The herbal extract demonstrated significant anxiolytic effects, comparable to diazepam, across all tested models. These findings support its potential as a natural alternative for anxiety management.

2. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A PHYTOCHEMICAL-BASED NANOCARRIER FOR BR...
32

Pragati Singh
Assistant Professor, HIMT College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida - 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Breast cancer is among the most prevalent forms of cancer affecting women globally, and despite advances in chemotherapy, side effects from non-specific treatment remain a major concern. In this study, a nanocarrier formulation was developed using curcumin, a naturally derived compound with established anticancer activity. The curcumin was encapsulated within PLGA nanoparticles to address limitations like poor solubility and limited bioavailability. The resulting particles were evaluated for size, surface charge, drug-loading efficiency, and release kinetics. When tested against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, the nanoformulation showed enhanced cytotoxicity and uptake compared to free curcumin. These findings highlight the potential of phytochemical-based nanocarriers as a more focused and safer approach to breast cancer therapy.

3. PHARMACOGNOSTIC INSIGHTS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CURCUMA LONGA LE...
10

Rakesh Kumar Niranjan
Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Thanra - 473665, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Curcuma longa (turmeric) has been known to have therapeutic properties as far back as history can tell, but little is known about the therapeutic properties of the leaves apart from the rhizomes. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to examine the pharmacognostic characteristics and anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma longa leaves. Our mission is to promote the utilization of this botanical resource which is currently under-utilized through generating a link between the traditional utilization of the plant and the current pharmaceutical utilization. Sesquiterpenes, alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids are the phytochemical properties that determine the macro-morphological and micro-morphological properties of Curcuma longa leaves. The anti-inflammatory activity of these bioactive compounds that belong to a different group than the rhizomes’ ones helps to support and expand the uses of the plant in therapy. There is the prospect that, in the management of chronic inflammation, mechanistic studies have demonstrated the capacity of phytochemicals extracted from leaves to influence key inflammatory processes, including the suppression of NF-κB, and the decrease of prostaglandins. The review investigates new approaches where ethnopharmacological approaches are synthesized with conventional science including areas such as nanoparticles-bearing leaf extracts and polyherbalials with synergistic actions. Nevertheless, these improvements have been offset by major drawbacks in the regulation and clinical accreditation of Curcuma longa leaves in conventional medicine systems. For this reason, this review presents Curcuma longa leaves as a suitable and effective option for the extension and enhancement of natural medicine instead of conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ideally, we should be dreaming about how this beloved plant can be utilized to better serve our medicinal purposes.

4. RECENT ADVANCES IN THE USE OF ALGAE AND MARINE PLANTS IN DRUG DISCOVER...
4

Ahmed Abu Ryash
Department of Technology of Anesthesiology, Collage of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Amman Jordan.

Marine plants and algae, in particular, are an uncharted territory in terms of resource potential for developing new bioactive compounds for introducing new drugs. Among these are peptides, lipids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and polyphenols, which possess cancer fighting, bacteria killing, reducing inflammation and inflammation protecting, and nerve cell safeguarding abilities, among others. Organ sulfonates originating from the ocean are increasingly essential for expanding medicinal chemistry as structural motifs with remarkable properties since their chlorinated analogs. The recent advances in the genetic engineering and bioreactor systemization have brought the technology of utilizing marine life for various treatments to easier tracks, as in the recent past such compound production were done in a larger scale and sustainable way. In particular, algae express promising perspectives as the source of valuable bioactive chemicals regarded as an environmentally sustainable platform for drug development. Despite launch of dozens of drugs that Marine Bioactives inspired, there are challenges that span across multiple fields such as bioavailability, fetch, and reproducibility. The review provides information on contemporary developments in marine natural products for drug discovery. Included are the molecular aspects that render marine compounds bioactive, the results shown in clinical and preclinical studies of these compounds, and the identification of novel starting points via meantchology approaches such as computational aiding and omics. We emphasize the importance of sustainable use of the seas and colors cooperation with other fields while describing the great potential of medication created on the base of marine resources. Perhaps holding the key to better, less hazardous medication delivery, marine plants, and algae will become the stars of the field’s future treatments.

5. GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE: A COMPRE...
7

Vivek Kumar Tiwari
Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Thanra - 473665, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine has widely used ginger (Zingiber officinale) for its anti-inflammatory properties and various clinical applications. This comprehensive review aims to explore the phytochemical properties of ginger, focusing on its antioxidant components and active ingredients such as shogaols, gingerols, and zingerone. The unique composition of ginger, including terpenoids, flavonoids, and volatile oils, contributes to its therapeutic potential in managing various health conditions. Methodology: We conducted a thorough examination of existing literature to gather information on the anti-inflammatory properties and clinical applications of ginger in traditional Chinese medicine. We reviewed studies examining ginger's effects on conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, and asthma to gain insights into its efficacy and mechanisms of action. We analysed the phytochemical composition of ginger, including its antioxidant compounds and active ingredients, to understand how these components contribute to its therapeutic effects. Results: The review revealed that ginger possesses antioxidant properties attributed to compounds like shogaols, gingerols, and zingerone. Additionally, the terpenoids, flavonoids, and volatile oils found in ginger play a crucial role in its anti-inflammatory and health-promoting effects. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of ginger in reducing pain and inflammation in conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and irritable bowel syndrome. Furthermore, studies have shown that supplementing with ginger can improve lung function and mitigate airway inflammation in asthma patients. Conclusion: Ginger emerges as a valuable botanical remedy in traditional Chinese medicine due to its diverse phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties. The antioxidant components and active ingredients present in ginger contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects and clinical applications in managing various health conditions. We need to conduct further research and clinical trials to fully explore the potential of ginger for promoting health and well-being.

6. A REVIEW ON THIADIAZOLE-DERIVED COMPOUNDS: DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, AND ANTI...
10

Hridesh Singh Chauhan
Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Thanra - 473665, Madhya Pradesh, India.

There is increasing demand for new treatment agents in the recent past, attributed to alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance globally. In this confrontation, candidates with broad-spectrum antibacterial performance and a high level of structural variability appeared; one of them is thiadiazole derivatives with the participation of sulfur-nitrogen cycles. That is why they can become a kind of stents for fighting infections that are unaffected by multiple drugs. This review seeks to include the background on thiadiazole derived compounds beginning with the simple heterocyclic derivatives to the potent bioactive agents, and their antibacterial alternatives. Modern fabrication processes in chemistry have embraced microwave assisted synthesis and green chemistry which in molecules’ fabrication offer structural variety, great productivity and minimal environmental impact. There is an indication of an important role of functional group changes in increasing the potency of the antibiotics by performing an analysis of the structure-activity relationship (SAR). Other aspects are treated in the review, such as enzyme inhibition, microbial membrane disruption, and the inhibition of biofilm formation. Ongoing challenges include toxicity and bioavailability issues, which for several years have raised questions about the future of new directions like the synthesis of hybrid molecules and the application of nanotechnology. The thiadiazole class of compounds meets the traditional requirements of medicinal chemistry and the new frontiers of today’s pharmaceutical industry. In order to proving their value in current antibiotic resistance struggle, this review collects current information and looks at future research possibilities. Thiadiazole molecules can be positioned to radically transform the antimicrobial therapeutics through addressing a significant challenge in the world health care sector by wise chemistry and utilization.